Transmission media is physical path which carry information from one device to another device.some of the examples of transmission media are Guided and Unguided media, transmission will always not in physical form but also it may invisible form. Transmission is categorised as follows:
Fig: Types Of Transmission Media
Guided means there will be a physical connection between transmitter and receiver.some examples of guided media are twisted pair, coaxial-cable and fibre optics.
Fig : Guided media types
Twisted pair cables are mostly used for transmission of both voice and data signals, twisted pair wire are mainly categorised into two types. Shielded and unshielded twisted pair.
Fig : Twisted pair types
UTP wires are mainly used in telephone systems which will carry both the voice and data signals.Unshielded twisted pair cable consist of two copper conductors, the wires will be kept parallel with this it will reduce noise. Noise will reduced due to twist in the wire. The copper conductor is covered with insulators.some advantages of UTP are it is cheap,easy to install,flexible to use.
The crosstalk which presented in UTP is eliminated in STP because STP wire has a metal shield covering that encase each pair of insulated conductor.
When compared with the both UTP and STP is more expensive and it is more complicated to install in a building because of more number of twists and turns. Coaxial cables are categorised according to radio government rating(RG). RG will provide some set of specifcations based on wire guage of inner conductor, thickness and type of the inner conductor.
category | impedance | Use |
RG-58 | 50 Ohms | Thin ethernet |
RG-59 | 75 Ohms | Cable TV |
RG-11 | 50 Ohms | Thick ethernet |
Used for both data and voice commnication.
Used in cable TV.
Fibre optical is combination of both glass and plastic which is useful for tranmission of information in the form of light eg: video,voice and data. protecting cover in fibre opic is made of fibre plastic or glass, core and cladding is made of plastic or glass. It works on the principle of “Total internal reflection”.when the light ray reflects back in the same medium is known as Total internal reflection.
Some advantages of fibre optic wires are;
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