Interpolation Process Implementation: Theory: “Upsampling” is defined as the process of inserting zero-valued samples between original samples to increase the sampling rate. (This is called “zero-stuffing”.) . “Interpolation”, is determined as the process of upsampling followed by filtering. The filtering removes the undesired spectral images. The main reason for interpolatingRead More →
Decimation process implementation: Theory: “Decimation” is that the process of reducing the rate. “Down sampling” may be a more specific term that refers to only the method of throwing away samples, without the low pass filtering operation. The most important reason to decimate is simply to reduce the sampling rateRead More →
Steps involved in performing FIR filter operation Step I: Let’s enter the pass band frequency (fp) and stop band frequency (fq). Step II: And then get the sampling frequency (fs), length of window (n). Step III: Next calculate cut off frequency. Step IV: Use the boxcar, hamming, Blackman Commands forRead More →
The DTMF stands for “Dual Tone Multi-Frequency”, and maybe a method of representing digits with tone frequencies, so as to transmit them over an analog communications network, for instance, a telephone line. In telephone networks, DTMF signals are wont to encode dial trains and other information. Dual-tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) signalingRead More →
Where has IIR filters are digital filters with infinite impulse response. Unlike FIR filters, they have the feedback (a recursive a part of a filter) and are mentioned as recursive digital filters, therefore. For this reason, IIR filters have far better frequency responses than FIR filters of an equivalent order. Unlike FIR filters, their phase characteristicRead More →
POWER SPECTRUM DETERMINATION OF GIVEN SIGNAL THEORY: The power spectrum describes the distribution of signal power over a frequency spectrum. The most frequently used way of generating a power spectrum is with using a discrete Fourier transform, but also other techniques such as the maximum entropy method can also beRead More →
Theory: FFT is a most efficient algorithm used in speech processing, frequency estimation and communication. FFT utilizes full advantage of two symmetry properties in order to provide efficient algorithm for DFT. while considering a divide and conquer approach, a computationally efficient algorithm can be developed. This methods depends on theRead More →
Theory for autocorrelation: Auto Correlation Function Autocorrelation function is a measure of similarity between a signal & its time-delayed version. It is represented with R(k). While the autocorrelation function of x(n) is determined by R11 (k) =R(k)= Steps to perform auto correlation: And the given input sequence is x[n]. LetRead More →
linear Convolution Theory: Convolution is a mathematical way of combining the two signals to form a third signal. It is the only most vital technique in Digital Signal Processing. Using the strategy of impulse decomposition, systems are described by a sign called the impulse response. Convolution is vital because it relates the three signals of interest: the input,Read More →
Theory: Frequency analysis of discrete time signals is usually performed on digital signal processor, which may be general purpose digital computer or specially designed digital hardware. To perform frequency analysis on discrete time signal, we convert the time domain sequence to an equivalent frequency domain representation. We know that suchRead More →