AMPS operation: A simple diagram of how AMPS system handles various calls and other responsibilities as shown in below diagram. As the power up, all mobile station is in the range of a base station which go through a registration with AMPS before actual service starts. According to the stateRead More →
Introduction to some existing wireless systems: For wireless system we consider many factors as its needs such as call duration, traffic in adjacent cell, call rate, atmosphere condition and the terrain. Various characteristics are important to get an idea about how wireless system will work in the real-world for theRead More →
Cell traffic load is typically characterised has the two important distributed parameters. Average number of mobile stations requesting the service (average call arrival rate (λ). Average length of time the mobile stations requiring the service (average holding time T). The offered traffic load is defined as a= λT. ForRead More →
The cellular system depends on the radio signal received by a mobile station throughout the cell and on the contours of signal strength emanating from the base station of two adjacent cells j and i. As from the above discussion, the signal strength goes down as moves away from theRead More →
Fundamental concept of cellular system: Let see example of cordless telephone used at home which employed wireless technology, which has less coverage and smaller amount of power. All the users use same frequency range without much inference among users. Same frequency interference avoidance is used in cellular system with muchRead More →
CHARACTER ORIENTED PROTOCOL: The character-oriented protocol is of an 8-bit size frame, the header which covers the source and destination address and some other control information, whereas the trailer carries error detection or error correction redundancy bits. In order to separate one frame from the next frame, the designer addedRead More →
GIGABIT ETHERNET: In order to provide higher order data rates it resulted in gigabit ethernet protocol. It standard is defined by IEEE as 802.3z. The main for designing gigabit ethernet is. It upgraded with the data rates upto 1 Gbps. It has same 48 bit address. Which has the sameRead More →
FAST ETHERNET: In order to compete with LAN protocols fast ethernet was designed.it can transmit data 10 times faster when compared with standard ethernet. It has 100mbps data rate, which has same minimum and maximum frame length when compared with standard ethernet. A new feature which added to fast ethernetRead More →
DIFFERENT TYPES OF ETHERNET: Depending on the encoding and decoding operation Ethernet are categorized into four: STANDARD ETHERNET: Standard Ethernet is implemented using digital signaling with the data rates of 10 Mbps. Whereas at the sender, the data is converted into a digital signal using Manchester scheme. While at theRead More →
Importance Of Flow And Error Control: The most important function of the data link layer is to provide flow control and error control mechanisms. In data communication it requires, when two devices working together, one device for sending and other for receiving for correcting errors. Flow control: The most importantRead More →